In 2019, U.S. research universities had combined research expenditures of over $83.7 billion, 50% ($44.5 billion) of which was federally funded. This research represents a significant national investment and given that this research is primarily stored and processed on computers and cyber connected devices, cyber adversaries (especially state-sponsored actors) have set their sights on higher education to exploit any possible vulnerabilities that exist.
Cyber adversaries have set their sights
Guidance
For additional guidance on potential security risks that threaten research integrity and other risks to the research enterprise, see Insider threat program.